What is causal association in epidemiology

Among the simplest of these is the epidemiologic triad or triangle, the traditional model for infectious disease.The consistency of the association the strength of the association• cause is a factor that plays a rolein producing an occurrence of the disease.The triad consists of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together.Criteria for causal association •name:

Causation a number of models of disease causation have been proposed.Causal claims like smoking causes cancer or human papilloma virus causes cervical cancer have long been a standard part of the epidemiology literature.Introduction association may be defined as the concurrence of two variables more often than would be expected by chance.Large associations are more likely to be causal than small associations.In statistics, an association means there a relationship between two variables or factors.

A discussion of the concept of causes is beyond the scope of this presentation.Observational epidemiology has made major contributions to the establishment of causal links between exposures and disease and plays a crucial role in, for example, the evaluation of the international agency for research on cancer of the carcinogenicity of a wide range of human exposures;(a strong association is more likely to be causal than a weak one), 'consistency' (an association is observed in different studies, under different circumstances, times and places.Abstract epidemiology may be defined as the science of occurrence of disease.